Independent analysis on European policy, integration, and democratic governance.
In 1949, when Europe was still reeling from the wounds of World War II, ten Western European states (Belgium, Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) created an international organisation and called it the Council of Europe. The organisation’s…
European Defence and Financial Dilemmas One of the core discussions revolved around Europe's growing defence ambitions. The Commission presented a set of proposals centred on a plan known as the "Rearm Europe" that comes with a substantial 150‐billion‑euro loan to jumpstart defence capabilities. Some might…
Since the collapse of the Soviet Union at the end of the 20th century, many of its former entities have struggled through immense challenges—economic crises that pushed them to the brink of starvation, civil wars, and revolutions. In nearly every case, one force has loomed…
While organising my old files, I came across my talking points for the Batumi International Conference – Georgia’ European Way - in July 2014. At the time, I had just founded the NGO PanEuropa Georgia, and it was my first participation in an official event…
